William adamson



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. WILLIAM ADAMsoN, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

. Letters Pat-ent No. 65,785, dated June 18, 1867.

IMPROVED GLUE.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM ADAMSON, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented an improved Glue; and I do hereby deelare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention consists of size, aerated substantially in the manner described hereafter, so as to form a tenacious, easily-melted, and economical glue, to take the place of the ordinary glue, the manufacture of which, as usually practised, involves the'- necessity of resorting to the tedious, precarious, and expensive process'of drying, as hereinafter more Afully explained. I y

Before I proceed to describe the manner of manufacturing myimproved glue, it will be well to refer in the outset to the process of making glue, as ordinarily practised. I

Glue is made from raw hides, the sinews of animals, and bones, which are first prepared in a solution of caustic alkali, then dried and boiled in water, the product or size being allowed to flow into boxes or moulds, and the size, when cool and in the condition of jelly, being cut into slices and placed ou netting to be converted into merchantable glue by exposure to the air. The size itself cannot be used as a cement or glue, owing to its want of tenacity; but during the process of drying it undergoes a change which renders it available'ias a. cement when melted in the usual manner. The drying of glue is a tedious and precarious'process, slight changes of the atmosphere having more or less injurious eiiect on the slices of size.

My improved glue is produced without the usual desiccating or drying process, in a manner which I will now proceed to describe, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which formsa part of this specifi` cation, and in which-- Figure 1 represents a vertical section of apparatus by which my aeratcd glue may be made; and

Figure 2, a view of another apparatus for tho same purpose y In iig. 1, A is a vessel or tank, openv at the tcp, and divided into two compartments, B and C, by a. perforated partition, D. Near the bottom of the vessel is a pipe, E, communicating with the lower compartment C, and with a force-pump or other suitable apparatus for discharging volumes of compressed air, and immediately beneath the partition any desired number of faucets, F, are secured to the vessel, for a purpose described hereafter. The hot size, fr esh from the kettles for boiling 'the sume, is poured into the upper compartment B, and on to the perforated partition, through which it rains down into the lower compartment, meet-ing in its passage an upward current of air, forced through the pipe E, the air passing through the faucets F, after being brought into intimate contact with the streams of size. The size'which has thus fallen into the lower compartment, and has been brought into intimate contact with thc air, may be withdrawn from time to time through the pipe G, and may, if necessary, be subjected to encor more repetitions of this process. The intimate contact of a plentiful and forcible supply of air with the subdivided streams of size has the same'cffect of converting the latter into a tenacious cement as the more tediousand precarious process of desicccting or drying above alluded to.

' This aerating process can be practised at all seasons of the year, and during all kinds of weather; hence, 4a. great saving of time and labor is effected; at the same time the result or product:` is a most tenacious glue, which is of a. pasty consistency, and which can be made ready for immediate use by simply diluting and warming it, instead of waiting, as usual, until the ordinary dry glue can be dissolved. The aerating process may be accomplished by simply forcing liets of air through a mass of the size, although I prefer the mode of causing the size to fall in tinely-subdivided streams, which moet a volume of compressed air. Should it be desirable' to reduce the quantity of water in the size, I use heated air for taking up the moisture.

Another mode of producing aerated glue is illustrated in tig. 2, where A represents a tank, in the centre of which is a tubular projection, a, with a {lai-ing end covered with a perforated plate or wire gauze,;b, and forming what is technically termed a rose. The hot size is forced through this rose, above which it is projected in a number of minute jets upwards through the air, to'fall into the reservoir below, from whence it may be drawn to be again forced through the rose, should it be necessary. In some instances carbonio acid, carburetted hydrogen, or othergas or mixture of g'ases, may be used in place of nir, with good results.

Without confining myself to any specific mode or process of producing my improved'glue, I claim as my invention, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, as a new article of manufacture and commerce- A glue consisting of size acratcd or treated with gas, substantially in the manner described. y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of t-,wo subscribing witnesses.

WM. ADAMsoN.

` Witnesses:

JOHN WHITE, W. J. R. DELANY. 

